docs: 初始化 Docs 仓库
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Document/03_数据库设计.md
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# 外卖SaaS系统 - 数据库设计
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## 1. 数据库设计原则
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### 1.1 命名规范
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- **表名**：小写字母，下划线分隔，复数形式（如：`orders`, `order_items`）
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- **字段名**：小写字母，下划线分隔（如：`created_at`, `total_amount`）
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- **主键**：统一使用 `id`，类型为 UUID
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- **外键**：`表名_id`（如：`order_id`, `merchant_id`）
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- **索引**：`idx_表名_字段名`（如：`idx_orders_merchant_id`）
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### 1.2 通用字段
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所有表都包含以下字段：
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- `id`：UUID，主键
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- `created_at`：TIMESTAMP，创建时间
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- `updated_at`：TIMESTAMP，更新时间
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- `deleted_at`：TIMESTAMP，软删除时间（可选）
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- `tenant_id`：UUID，租户ID（多租户隔离）
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### 1.3 数据类型规范
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- **金额**：DECIMAL(18,2)
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- **时间**：TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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- **布尔**：BOOLEAN
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- **枚举**：VARCHAR 或 INTEGER
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- **JSON数据**：JSONB
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## 2. 核心表结构
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### 2.1 租户管理
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#### tenants（租户表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE tenants (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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code VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
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contact_name VARCHAR(50),
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contact_phone VARCHAR(20),
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contact_email VARCHAR(100),
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:正常 2:冻结 3:过期
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subscription_plan VARCHAR(50), -- 订阅套餐
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subscription_start_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
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subscription_end_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
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max_merchants INTEGER DEFAULT 10, -- 最大商家数
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max_orders_per_day INTEGER DEFAULT 1000, -- 每日订单限额
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settings JSONB, -- 租户配置
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_tenants_code ON tenants(code);
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CREATE INDEX idx_tenants_status ON tenants(status);
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```
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### 2.2 商家管理
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#### merchants（商家表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE merchants (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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logo_url VARCHAR(500),
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description TEXT,
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contact_phone VARCHAR(20),
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contact_person VARCHAR(50),
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business_license VARCHAR(100), -- 营业执照号
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:正常 2:休息 3:停业
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rating DECIMAL(3,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 评分
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total_sales INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 总销量
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settings JSONB, -- 商家配置
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchants_tenant_id ON merchants(tenant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchants_status ON merchants(status);
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```
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#### merchant_stores（门店表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE merchant_stores (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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merchant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES merchants(id),
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name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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address VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
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latitude DECIMAL(10,7), -- 纬度
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longitude DECIMAL(10,7), -- 经度
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phone VARCHAR(20),
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business_hours JSONB, -- 营业时间 {"monday": {"open": "09:00", "close": "22:00"}}
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delivery_range INTEGER DEFAULT 3000, -- 配送范围（米）
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min_order_amount DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 起送价
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delivery_fee DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 配送费
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchant_stores_merchant_id ON merchant_stores(merchant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchant_stores_location ON merchant_stores USING GIST(point(longitude, latitude));
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```
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### 2.3 菜品管理
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#### categories（菜品分类表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE categories (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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merchant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES merchants(id),
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name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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sort_order INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_categories_merchant_id ON categories(merchant_id);
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```
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#### dishes（菜品表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE dishes (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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merchant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES merchants(id),
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category_id UUID REFERENCES categories(id),
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name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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description TEXT,
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image_url VARCHAR(500),
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price DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL,
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original_price DECIMAL(18,2), -- 原价
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unit VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT '份', -- 单位
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stock INTEGER, -- 库存（NULL表示不限）
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sales_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 销量
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rating DECIMAL(3,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 评分
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sort_order INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:上架 2:下架
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tags JSONB, -- 标签 ["热销", "新品"]
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_dishes_merchant_id ON dishes(merchant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_dishes_category_id ON dishes(category_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_dishes_status ON dishes(status);
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```
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#### dish_specs（菜品规格表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE dish_specs (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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dish_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES dishes(id),
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name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, -- 规格名称（如：大份、小份）
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price DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL,
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stock INTEGER,
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_dish_specs_dish_id ON dish_specs(dish_id);
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```
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### 2.4 用户管理
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#### users（用户表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE users (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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phone VARCHAR(20) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
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nickname VARCHAR(50),
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avatar_url VARCHAR(500),
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gender INTEGER, -- 0:未知 1:男 2:女
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birthday DATE,
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balance DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 余额
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points INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 积分
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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last_login_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_users_phone ON users(phone);
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```
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#### user_addresses（用户地址表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE user_addresses (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
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contact_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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contact_phone VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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province VARCHAR(50),
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city VARCHAR(50),
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district VARCHAR(50),
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address VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
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house_number VARCHAR(50), -- 门牌号
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latitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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longitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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is_default BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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label VARCHAR(20), -- 标签：家、公司等
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_user_addresses_user_id ON user_addresses(user_id);
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```
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### 2.5 订单管理
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#### orders（订单表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE orders (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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order_no VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL, -- 订单号
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merchant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES merchants(id),
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store_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES merchant_stores(id),
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user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
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-- 收货信息
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delivery_address VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL,
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delivery_latitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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delivery_longitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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contact_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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contact_phone VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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-- 金额信息
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dish_amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL, -- 菜品金额
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delivery_fee DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 配送费
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package_fee DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 打包费
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discount_amount DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 优惠金额
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total_amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL, -- 总金额
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actual_amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL, -- 实付金额
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-- 订单状态
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:待支付 2:待接单 3:制作中 4:待配送 5:配送中 6:已完成 7:已取消
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payment_status INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 0:未支付 1:已支付 2:已退款
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payment_method VARCHAR(20), -- 支付方式
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payment_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
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-- 时间信息
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estimated_delivery_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 预计送达时间
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accepted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 接单时间
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cooking_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 开始制作时间
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delivered_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 送达时间
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completed_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 完成时间
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cancelled_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 取消时间
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remark TEXT, -- 备注
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cancel_reason TEXT, -- 取消原因
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_tenant_id ON orders(tenant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_order_no ON orders(order_no);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_merchant_id ON orders(merchant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_id ON orders(user_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_status ON orders(status);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_created_at ON orders(created_at);
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```
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#### order_items（订单明细表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE order_items (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id),
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dish_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES dishes(id),
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dish_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, -- 冗余字段，防止菜品被删除
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dish_image_url VARCHAR(500),
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spec_id UUID REFERENCES dish_specs(id),
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spec_name VARCHAR(50),
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price DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL, -- 单价
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quantity INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 数量
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amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL, -- 小计
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_order_items_order_id ON order_items(order_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_order_items_dish_id ON order_items(dish_id);
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```
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### 2.6 配送管理
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#### delivery_drivers（配送员表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE delivery_drivers (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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merchant_id UUID REFERENCES merchants(id), -- NULL表示平台配送员
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name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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phone VARCHAR(20) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
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id_card VARCHAR(18), -- 身份证号
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vehicle_type VARCHAR(20), -- 车辆类型：电动车、摩托车
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vehicle_number VARCHAR(20), -- 车牌号
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:空闲 2:配送中 3:休息 4:离线
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current_latitude DECIMAL(10,7), -- 当前位置
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current_longitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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rating DECIMAL(3,2) DEFAULT 0,
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total_deliveries INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 总配送单数
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_delivery_drivers_merchant_id ON delivery_drivers(merchant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_delivery_drivers_status ON delivery_drivers(status);
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```
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#### delivery_tasks（配送任务表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE delivery_tasks (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id),
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driver_id UUID REFERENCES delivery_drivers(id),
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pickup_address VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL, -- 取餐地址
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pickup_latitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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pickup_longitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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delivery_address VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL, -- 送餐地址
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delivery_latitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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delivery_longitude DECIMAL(10,7),
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distance INTEGER, -- 配送距离（米）
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estimated_time INTEGER, -- 预计时长（分钟）
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:待分配 2:待取餐 3:配送中 4:已送达 5:异常
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assigned_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 分配时间
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picked_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 取餐时间
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delivered_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, -- 送达时间
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delivery_fee DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 配送费
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remark TEXT,
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_delivery_tasks_order_id ON delivery_tasks(order_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_delivery_tasks_driver_id ON delivery_tasks(driver_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_delivery_tasks_status ON delivery_tasks(status);
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```
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### 2.7 支付管理
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#### payments（支付记录表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE payments (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id),
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user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
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payment_no VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL, -- 支付单号
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payment_method VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -- 支付方式：wechat、alipay、balance
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amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL,
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, -- 0:待支付 1:支付中 2:成功 3:失败 4:已退款
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third_party_no VARCHAR(100), -- 第三方支付单号
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paid_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
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callback_data JSONB, -- 回调数据
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_payments_order_id ON payments(order_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_payments_payment_no ON payments(payment_no);
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CREATE INDEX idx_payments_user_id ON payments(user_id);
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```
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#### refunds（退款记录表）
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE refunds (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
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order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id),
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payment_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES payments(id),
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refund_no VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
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amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL,
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reason TEXT,
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status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, -- 0:待审核 1:退款中 2:成功 3:失败
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third_party_no VARCHAR(100),
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refunded_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_refunds_order_id ON refunds(order_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_refunds_payment_id ON refunds(payment_id);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.8 营销管理
|
||||
|
||||
#### coupons（优惠券表）
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
CREATE TABLE coupons (
|
||||
id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
|
||||
tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
|
||||
merchant_id UUID REFERENCES merchants(id), -- NULL表示平台券
|
||||
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
|
||||
type INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 1:满减券 2:折扣券 3:代金券
|
||||
discount_type INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 1:固定金额 2:百分比
|
||||
discount_value DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL, -- 优惠值
|
||||
min_order_amount DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0, -- 最低消费
|
||||
max_discount_amount DECIMAL(18,2), -- 最大优惠金额（折扣券用）
|
||||
total_quantity INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 总数量
|
||||
received_quantity INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 已领取数量
|
||||
used_quantity INTEGER DEFAULT 0, -- 已使用数量
|
||||
valid_start_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
|
||||
valid_end_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
|
||||
status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:正常 2:停用
|
||||
description TEXT,
|
||||
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_coupons_merchant_id ON coupons(merchant_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_coupons_status ON coupons(status);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### user_coupons（用户优惠券表）
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
CREATE TABLE user_coupons (
|
||||
id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
|
||||
user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
|
||||
coupon_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES coupons(id),
|
||||
status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:未使用 2:已使用 3:已过期
|
||||
used_order_id UUID REFERENCES orders(id),
|
||||
received_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
used_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
|
||||
expired_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_user_coupons_user_id ON user_coupons(user_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_user_coupons_coupon_id ON user_coupons(coupon_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_user_coupons_status ON user_coupons(status);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.9 评价管理
|
||||
|
||||
#### reviews（评价表）
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
CREATE TABLE reviews (
|
||||
id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
|
||||
tenant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id),
|
||||
order_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES orders(id),
|
||||
user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
|
||||
merchant_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES merchants(id),
|
||||
rating INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 评分 1-5
|
||||
taste_rating INTEGER, -- 口味评分
|
||||
package_rating INTEGER, -- 包装评分
|
||||
delivery_rating INTEGER, -- 配送评分
|
||||
content TEXT,
|
||||
images JSONB, -- 评价图片
|
||||
is_anonymous BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
|
||||
reply_content TEXT, -- 商家回复
|
||||
reply_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
|
||||
status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, -- 1:正常 2:隐藏
|
||||
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_reviews_order_id ON reviews(order_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_reviews_user_id ON reviews(user_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_reviews_merchant_id ON reviews(merchant_id);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.10 系统管理
|
||||
|
||||
#### system_users（系统用户表）
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
CREATE TABLE system_users (
|
||||
id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
|
||||
tenant_id UUID REFERENCES tenants(id), -- NULL表示平台管理员
|
||||
merchant_id UUID REFERENCES merchants(id), -- NULL表示租户管理员
|
||||
username VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
|
||||
password_hash VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
|
||||
real_name VARCHAR(50),
|
||||
phone VARCHAR(20),
|
||||
email VARCHAR(100),
|
||||
role_id UUID REFERENCES roles(id),
|
||||
status INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
|
||||
last_login_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
|
||||
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_system_users_username ON system_users(username);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_system_users_tenant_id ON system_users(tenant_id);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### roles（角色表）
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
CREATE TABLE roles (
|
||||
id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
|
||||
tenant_id UUID REFERENCES tenants(id),
|
||||
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
|
||||
code VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
|
||||
description TEXT,
|
||||
permissions JSONB, -- 权限列表
|
||||
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
|
||||
deleted_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_roles_tenant_id ON roles(tenant_id);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### operation_logs（操作日志表）
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
CREATE TABLE operation_logs (
|
||||
id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
|
||||
tenant_id UUID REFERENCES tenants(id),
|
||||
user_id UUID,
|
||||
user_type VARCHAR(20), -- system_user, merchant_user, customer
|
||||
module VARCHAR(50), -- 模块
|
||||
action VARCHAR(50), -- 操作
|
||||
description TEXT,
|
||||
ip_address VARCHAR(50),
|
||||
user_agent TEXT,
|
||||
request_data JSONB,
|
||||
response_data JSONB,
|
||||
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_operation_logs_tenant_id ON operation_logs(tenant_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_operation_logs_user_id ON operation_logs(user_id);
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_operation_logs_created_at ON operation_logs(created_at);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. 数据库索引策略
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.1 主键索引
|
||||
- 所有表使用UUID作为主键，自动创建主键索引
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.2 外键索引
|
||||
- 所有外键字段创建索引，提升关联查询性能
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.3 业务索引
|
||||
- 订单号、支付单号等唯一业务字段创建唯一索引
|
||||
- 状态字段创建普通索引
|
||||
- 时间字段（created_at）创建索引，支持时间范围查询
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.4 复合索引
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
-- 订单查询常用复合索引
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_merchant_status_created ON orders(merchant_id, status, created_at DESC);
|
||||
|
||||
-- 用户订单查询
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_status_created ON orders(user_id, status, created_at DESC);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.5 地理位置索引
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
-- 使用PostGIS扩展支持地理位置查询
|
||||
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis;
|
||||
|
||||
-- 门店位置索引
|
||||
CREATE INDEX idx_merchant_stores_location ON merchant_stores
|
||||
USING GIST(ST_MakePoint(longitude, latitude));
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. 数据库优化
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.1 分区策略
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
-- 订单表按月分区
|
||||
CREATE TABLE orders_2024_01 PARTITION OF orders
|
||||
FOR VALUES FROM ('2024-01-01') TO ('2024-02-01');
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE TABLE orders_2024_02 PARTITION OF orders
|
||||
FOR VALUES FROM ('2024-02-01') TO ('2024-03-01');
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.2 物化视图
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
-- 商家统计物化视图
|
||||
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW merchant_statistics AS
|
||||
SELECT
|
||||
m.id as merchant_id,
|
||||
m.name,
|
||||
COUNT(DISTINCT o.id) as total_orders,
|
||||
SUM(o.actual_amount) as total_revenue,
|
||||
AVG(r.rating) as avg_rating
|
||||
FROM merchants m
|
||||
LEFT JOIN orders o ON m.id = o.merchant_id AND o.status = 6
|
||||
LEFT JOIN reviews r ON m.id = r.merchant_id
|
||||
GROUP BY m.id, m.name;
|
||||
|
||||
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ON merchant_statistics(merchant_id);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.3 查询优化建议
|
||||
- 避免SELECT *，只查询需要的字段
|
||||
- 使用EXPLAIN分析查询计划
|
||||
- 合理使用JOIN，避免过多关联
|
||||
- 大数据量查询使用分页
|
||||
- 使用prepared statement防止SQL注入
|
||||
|
||||
## 5. 数据备份策略
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.1 备份方案
|
||||
- **全量备份**：每天凌晨2点执行
|
||||
- **增量备份**：每4小时执行一次
|
||||
- **WAL归档**：实时归档，支持PITR
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.2 备份脚本示例
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
# 全量备份
|
||||
pg_dump -h localhost -U postgres -d takeout_saas -F c -f /backup/full_$(date +%Y%m%d).dump
|
||||
|
||||
# 保留最近30天的备份
|
||||
find /backup -name "full_*.dump" -mtime +30 -delete
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. 数据迁移
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.1 EF Core Migrations
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# 添加迁移
|
||||
dotnet ef migrations add InitialCreate --project TakeoutSaaS.Infrastructure
|
||||
|
||||
# 更新数据库
|
||||
dotnet ef database update --project TakeoutSaaS.Infrastructure
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.2 版本控制
|
||||
- 所有数据库变更通过Migration管理
|
||||
- Migration文件纳入版本控制
|
||||
- 生产环境变更需要审核
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user